Understanding the chemistry of teeth whitening

Understanding the chemistry of teeth whitening

Mar 01, 2021

Tooth whitening is any process that lightens the color of a tooth. Whitening could also be accomplished by physical removal of the stain or a reaction to lighten the tooth color.

Types of Teeth Whitening Systems

You can categorize whitening systems differently. The subsequent approach carried out by the A.A.D. A.A.D. (American Academy of dentistry)

Toothpaste for whitening

Whitening toothpaste typically contains a superior amount of detergents and abrasives than standard toothpaste to eliminate harder stains. This whitening toothpaste doesn’t contain bleach. However, some contain little degrees of peroxide concentrations that help make the teeth appear lighter. The Whitening toothpaste can lighten tooth color by at least one or two shades.

Gels and strips for whitening

Whitening strips gained an introduction to the marketplace within the late 1980s. They deliver a thin layer of peroxide gel on strips made of plastic shaped to suit the teeth’ buccal surfaces.

It’s advised that you use the strips two times a day for half an hour, forget 14 days. Tooth lightening is often seen in several days, and this method can lighten the teeth by 1 or 2 shades. Some newer whitening strip products need just one 30-minute application per day with an equivalent whitening endpoint because of the two-a-day effects.

Whitening gels are peroxide-based gels applied with a little brush on the surface of the teeth. Manufacturer’s instructions are usually twice each day applications for 14 days. Just like the whitening strips, the teeth can generally be lightened by a shade or two.

Rinses that whiten

In whitening rinses, you find oxygen sources to react alongside the chromogens. The manufacturer’s instructions are for twice each day, rinsing for30 seconds each. It takes up to three months to ascertain a 1 or 2 shade improvement in tooth color.

Tray-Based Tooth Whiteners

Tray-based tooth whitening systems are available both professionally and O.T.CO.T.C. This method involves using a fitted tray containing carbamide peroxide-bleaching gel worn for two to 4 hours each day or overnight. Usually, following the manufacturer’s instructions, tooth whitening is noticeable during a few days, lightening the teeth by 1 or 2 shades.

In-Office Whitening

Quicker tooth lightening is often achieved through in-office whitening because the products deliver higher peroxide concentrations than O.T.CO.T.C. Consequently, gingival tissues are usually protected before the agent is applied. Some products claim to extend the oxidation of chromogens by exposure to heat or an intense blue light with a wavelength between 480 nm and 520 nm to activate the merchandise while on the tooth, causing the chemical reactions to proceed faster.

Some professionals use laser systems to extend the speed of chemical reactions. This use of lasers is taken into account to be ‘off-label’ laser systems in dentistry by the U.S.U.S. Food and Drug Administration. During a systematic review by Buchalla and Attin3, no additional advantage from light-activated systems was found, and thus the American Dental Association doesn’t endorse such whitening procedures.

Tooth lightening results are seen after one 30- to 60-minute treatment. More dramatic results are often obtained with several applications.

Risks Related To Tooth Whitening

Risks commonly reported with tooth whitening include increased tooth sensitivity and mild gingival irritation. Those side effects are directly associated with the concentration of the peroxide bleach component, duration of the treatment.

Tooth sensitivity usually occurs at the time of treatment and may last several days; gingival irritation begins within each day of the treatment and may also last several days. Additional risks are reported from in vitro studies, including tooth erosion, tooth mineral degradation, increased susceptibility to demineralization, and pulpal damage.

Four last word endpoints for tooth whitening depend upon the tooth itself, with common wisdom telling us that each treatment regimen will eventually reach an equivalent whitening endpoint. This is often not exactly true as some very aggressive regimens can damage the tooth through dehydration and demineralization; such, the tooth temporarily appears whiter.

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